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Western Sahara's 'Gandhi' begins hunger strike

Xan Rice, Mail & Guardian, Johannesburg, 20 November 2009

Western Sahara's most prominent human rights activist has gone on a hunger strike at an airport in the Canary Islands after being expelled from her home country by Moroccan authorities.

Aminatou Haidar, who is viewed by her supporters as the "Sahrawi Gandhi", was deported to Lanzarote in the Canaries on November 14 2009. Morocco has occupied Western Sahara since 1975, refusing a say on independence to the indigenous Sahrawi population.

Haidar was detained at the airport in Western Sahara's administrative capital, El Aaiún, on her return from the United States, where she was awarded the Train Foundation's Civil Courage Prize for her struggle for the Sahrawis' right to self-determination.
After refusing to declare her nationality as Moroccan on the airport arrival form, the police confiscated her passport and she was flown to the nearby Canaries.

Haidar told the Guardian by telephone that Spain was "complicit" in her predicament, both for admitting her to Lanzarote and then refusing to let her leave.

"I'll carry on my hunger strike until the Spanish government accepts its responsibilities and allows me to return to my homeland, where my children live, or I die," she said. Prison in Western Sahara was preferable to detention in Spain, she said.

Haidar has wide experience of incarceration. In 1987, aged 20, she "disappeared" and was tortured by the Moroccan secret police for more than three years for advocating independence. In 2005 she was jailed for seven months after being beaten by a Moroccan policeman during a demonstration protesting against the Moroccan occupation.

The Spanish foreign ministry said it could not allow Haidar to return to El Aaiún because she had no passport. The Moroccan government, which considers Western Sahara to be its southern province, even though this has no foundation in international law or formal recognition from any other country, has denied any wrongdoing.

Instead, it has accused Haidar of treason and of being an agent of the Polisario Front, a Sahrawi nationalist movement that fought a 16-year desert war against Morocco with backing from Algeria.

The conflict ended in 1991, with both parties agreeing to a United Nations-sponsored referendum on self-determination -- including an option for independence -- for the Sahrawi people. But Morocco has consistently blocked the vote and the Polisario remains in exile in Algeria.

In recent years Morocco's King Mohammed VI has said independence is no longer on the table, with autonomy now the best option for Sahrawis. On November 6, in a speech marking 34 years of Moroccan presence in Western Sahara, he hinted at harsher action towards anyone still questioning the claim of sovereignty.

"One is either a patriot or a traitor," he said. "Is there a country that would tolerate a handful of lawless people exploiting democracy and human rights in order to conspire with the enemy against its sovereignty, unity and vital interests?"

This week Human Rights Watch condemned the Moroccan government for blocking "unauthorised" visits by foreigners to Sahrawi campaigners in Western Sahara.

Seven other Sahrawi activists being held by Morocco after visiting the Polisario camps in October have been described as prisoners of conscience by Amnesty International. -- © Guardian News & Media 2009

From: http://www.mg.co.za/article/2009-11-20-western-saharas-gandhi-begins-hunger-strike